Buying an LED screen and confused between P1.5, P2.5, P4 and P10? This guide gives you the exact rules we use when we spec screens for clients - viewing distance math, resolution numbers, and honest advice on where spending more on a finer pitch is simply wasted money.
What pixel pitch actually means
Pixel pitch is the distance in millimetres from the centre of one LED to the centre of the next. A P2.5 module has pixels every 2.5 mm; a P10 module every 10 mm. That single number controls three things:
Resolution density Smaller pitch means more pixels per square metre, and a sharper image. | Viewing distance Stand too close to a coarse pitch and you see dots, not a picture. | Cost LED count grows with the square of the pitch reduction - and you pay for every lamp. |
Almost every module we stock is built on the standard 320 x 160 mm PCB, so pitch translates directly into module resolution:
| Pitch | Module resolution | Pixels per sq m | Typical use |
|---|---|---|---|
| P1.25 | 256 x 128 | 640,000 | Boardrooms, control rooms |
| P1.5 | 213 x 106 | 444,444 | Premium indoor video walls |
| P1.86 | 172 x 86 | 289,000 | Showrooms, lobbies |
| P2.5 | 128 x 64 | 160,000 | Indoor retail, stages, halls |
| P3 / P3.91 | ~104 x 52 / 80 x 40 | 111,000 / 65,536 | Rental, semi-outdoor |
| P4 | 80 x 40 | 62,500 | Outdoor advertising, facades |
| P5 / P6 | 64 x 32 / 53 x 26 | 40,000 / 27,777 | Large outdoor hoardings |
| P10 | 32 x 16 | 10,000 | Highway billboards, text signs |
The viewing distance rule
The industry shorthand is simple, and it works:
So the question is never "which pitch is best?" - it is where will my closest viewer stand?
Mistake 1: over-buying
Buying P1.5 for a screen viewed from 6 metres. From that distance the eye physically cannot resolve the extra pixels - you have paid nearly double for sharpness nobody can see. | Mistake 2: under-buying
Buying P4 for a showroom where customers walk right up to the screen. Now everyone sees dots, and no amount of content polish will fix it. |
Indoor vs outdoor changes the answer
Pitch is only half the spec. Indoor modules - like the Qiangli Q1.5 Mpro series, our first recommendation for video walls - run 500 to 800 nits, which is perfect indoors and invisible in sunlight. Outdoor modules such as the Qiangli Q4 Pro and the Q5 / Q6 Mpro series run 4,500 to 7,000+ nits with IP65 front protection. There is no such thing as an indoor module with a rain cover: if sunlight hits the screen, buy outdoor modules, full stop.
3840 Hz is the standard for clean phone-camera footage. 7680 Hz - the Qiangli Pro series - is the safe choice for broadcast, weddings and events. A cheap 1920 Hz module looks identical to the naked eye and shows rolling black bands in every video anyone shoots of it. We print the refresh rate on the quote so it is never a surprise. Dahua FeuVision is our second line where you want an alternative factory in fine-pitch indoor.
What each pitch costs in India
Live ex-stock Mumbai pricing from our own catalogue, per 320 x 160 mm module, GST extra. Roughly 19.5 modules make one square metre.
| Pitch and type | Price per module |
|---|---|
| P1.5 indoor (SMD) | ₹2,700 - ₹3,550 |
| P1.5 indoor COB (premium) | ₹4,300 |
| P1.8 indoor | ₹1,950 - ₹2,850 |
| P2.5 indoor | ₹1,250 - ₹1,400 |
| P3.91 rental | ₹1,200 - ₹1,650 |
| P4 outdoor (3840-7680 Hz) | ₹1,250 - ₹1,400 |
| P5 / P6 outdoor | ₹800 - ₹1,050 |
| P10 outdoor RGB | ₹400 - ₹810 |
Note how moving from P2.5 to P1.5 roughly doubles the module cost. That is the square law at work, and it is why matching pitch to viewing distance saves real money.
Worked example: a 10 ft x 6 ft showroom screen
A 10 x 6 ft screen is 3048 x 1829 mm - call it 9 modules wide by 11 tall (2880 x 1760 mm) using 320 x 160 modules, so 99 modules.
In P2.5
1152 x 704 pixels - sharper than 720p, excellent from 2.5 m. Module cost about ₹1.24 - 1.39 lakh | In P1.8
1548 x 946 pixels - near 1080p, excellent from 1.8 m. Module cost about ₹1.93 - 2.82 lakh |
If customers stand 3 m away, P2.5 is the intelligent buy - the extra ₹0.7 to 1.4 lakh for P1.8 buys sharpness they will never perceive. Put that money into a better processor or better power instead. Then add cabinets or frames, a receiving card per cabinet, 5V SMPS power, and a sending card or player, and you have the full bill of materials.
Quick decision cheat-sheet
Boardroom / control room P1.25 - P1.5 indoor, 3840 Hz minimum. | Retail showroom P1.8 - P2.5 indoor. Spend the savings on better content. | Rental / events P2.5 - P3.91 in diecast rental cabinets, 7680 Hz if cameras are involved. |
Shop facade / petrol pump P4 outdoor, 5,500+ nits. | Roadside hoarding P6 - P10 outdoor. Nobody reads a hoarding from 3 metres. | Whatever the pitch Genuine Qiangli first, with the IC and refresh rate in writing. |
We will send the exact module count, the power calculation and the controller spec - free, with the math shown. Authorized Qiangli distributor, genuine stock ex-Mumbai, GST billing and pan-India delivery.
WhatsApp +91 97655 58000